Question of the Day #275

"Former intelligence officials criticize Brennan's loss of security clearance"
From the headline of this article at ABC News.

上記の文で、security clearanceの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "security clearance" mean?

答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
I will add the answer and other remarks here tomorrow.

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、


安全検査［チェック］、機密取扱者の人物調査、保全許可（証）

とあるが、どれも例題にしっくりこない。下記英語の定義からすると、この場合は「機密取扱許可」が適訳だと思います。

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

special permission given only to people who are approved to know or see secret things

Etymology/語源

Online Etymology Dictionaryによると、

国家機密に関するclearanceの使用は、1948年に初めて記録されている。

According to Online Etymology Dictionary regarding the word clearance:

 national security sense recorded from 1948. 

Examples

• The documents are only available to people with security clearance from the government.
• Some defence jobs require security clearances that are only issued to native-born citizens.
• He has full security clearance and access to classified information.
• He oversaw security clearance for Estonian officials in the intelligence, military and security agencies.
• The interim security clearance of US President Donald Trump's son-in-law and White House senior adviser Jared Kushner was on Tuesday downgraded by Chief of Staff John Kelly, a move that restricts him from viewing the President's daily brief.