Question of the Day #478

"Talk of an 'American Emmanuel Macron' is faint praise, and critics have said he’s in the pocket of the elite...."
From the 10th paragraph of this article at the Evening Standard.

上記の文で、in the pocket of [someone]の意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "in the pocket of [someone]" mean?

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解答

意味：
残念ながら、英辞郎やほかのオンライン英和辞書にこの慣用句は掲載されていないようです。下記英語の定義を訳すとこうなります。

誰かの支配下または影響下にある。

また、"in [someone]'s pocket"も同じ意味です。

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

under someone's control or influence

Note: Same as "in [someone]'s pocket."

Examples

• researchers/scientists who are in the pocket of pharmaceutical companies
• It's pretty obvious that the country's legislators are all in the pocket of corporations.
• You'll never get justice for it—half the police force is in the pocket of the mafia.
• At the heart of the scandal is the suggestion that supposedly independent brokers are in the pocket of the insurers which are theoretically competing.

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Question of the Day #477

"Inside out: Should theology be outlawed?"
From the headline of this article at Deming Headlight.

上記の文で、inside outの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "inside out" mean?

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

1. 〔衣服の着方などが〕裏返しに、裏表に、あべこべに
2. 〔知識について〕十分、徹底的に、完全に、すっかり
3. 《ゴルフ》インサイド・アウトで

問題の見出しの場合の解答は、1番でしょう。

ただし、上記訳の中に、下記英語の定義の3番の訳がないことに注意してください

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

1. in such a manner that the inner surface becomes the outer
2. to a thorough degree
3. in or into a state of disarray often involving drastic reorganization

Etymology/語源

Merriam-Websterによると、

上記の1番の意味で初めて使用されたのは、1600年頃。

According to Merriam-Webster:

First Known Use of inside out:
circa 1600, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Examples

• after 20 years of employment there, he has come to know the company inside out
• Homes torn inside out, cars destroyed, trees stripped and toppled, residential streets now rushing rivers. — CBS News, "Hurricane Dorian moving up East Coast after leaving Bahamas in ruins," 4 Sep. 2019
• She put her sweater on inside out.
• He's the best person to tell you how to get there because he knows the city inside out.
• Her umbrella blew inside out.

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Question of the Day #476

"Study suggests lesbian-sounding women face greater ‘gaydar discrimination’ in hiring than men"
From the headline of this article at PsyPost.

上記の文で、gaydarの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "gaydar" mean?

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

ゲイの相手を見分ける能力◆【語源】gay + radar

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

the ability to recognize homosexuals through observation or intuition

Etymology/語源

Merriam-Websterによると、

初めて使用されたのは、1982年。
Gayとradarからなる造語。

According to Merriam-Webster:

First Known Use of gaydar: 1982
Blend of gay and radar

Examples

• My gaydar even doesn’t work that well in the present, let alone retroactively. — Fox News, "US-China trade war - and its impact - to be on display; AOC has warning for Dems," 17 June 2019
• The authors were then ready to pit their prediction model against humans in what would become a notorious gaydar competition. — Heather Murphy, New York Times, "Why Stanford Researchers Tried to Create a ‘Gaydar’ Machine," 9 Oct. 2017
• "Then I'm afraid I taught her the term gaydar because she asked, how, if straight people and gay people weren't very different, one could tell them apart, which cracked her up."
• "It might be that the TROLLS gaydar is on the fritz today, because I figured all the haters, hypocrites and bible thumpers would be here … … …. or are they all out there protesting homosexuality at our brave soldiers funerals."
• "Some have expressed shock; others are quick to boast that they already knew, due to their "gaydar" - enhanced psychic powers."

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Question of the Day #475

"Quit or Join the 'Rat Race'?"
From the headline of this article at VOA Learning English.

上記の文で、rat raceの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "rat race" mean?

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

1. ネズミの競争
2. 〈比喩・話〉激しい出世競争
3. 〈比喩・話〉〔仕事による〕多忙

1番目は正解の訳のわけがありませんね。で、この場合は、2番でも3番でも正解になります。

また、この記事そのものがrat raceというイディオムを解説しているので、是非読んでみましょう。

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

the unpleasant life of people who have jobs that require them to work very hard in order to compete with others for money, power, status, etc.

Etymology/語源

Dictionary.comによると、

1935-40年に遡る米英語。

According to Dictionary.com:

An Americanism dating back to 1935–40

Examples

• She is quitting the rat race to spend time with her family.
• He decided to get out of the rat race, and went to work on a farm.
• I had to get out of the rat race and take a look at the real world again.
• AN INTREPID couple have turned their backs on the rat race to embark on a round-the-world sailing trip – with their kids and pet cat in tow. (The Sun)
• The man has been in a rat race all his life. No wonder he is enjoying his retired life to the fullest.

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Question of the Day #474

"The curious case of Reene Bach: A quack doctor or a victim of malice?"
From the headline of this article at the Daily Monitor.

上記の文で、quackの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "quack" mean?

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Write your answer in the Comments.

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、名詞形だけで３つの訳があります。

1. アヒルの鳴き声、ガーガー、クワックワッ
2. 騒々しい話し声、騒音、騒々しさ
3. 偽医者、やぶ医者、ほら吹き、ヤマ師

ですが、問題文の場合は形容詞なので、下記のようになります。

1. 偽医者の
2. いんちきな、いかさまの

問題の見出しの場合は、quack doctorになっていますので、２つ目の訳になります。

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster the definition of the adjective form is as follows:

of, relating to, or used by quacks

And the quack in this instance would be as follows:

an ignorant, misinformed, or dishonest practitioner of medicine

Etymology/語源

the Online Etymology Dictionaryによると、

「偽医者」の意味は1630年代から。形容詞としては1650年代から。

According to the Online Etymology Dictionary:

"medical charlatan," 1630s...As an adjective from 1650s. 

Examples

• Consequently, the idea of distinguishing between legitimate and quack practitioners, although still germane, is not likely to gather much force.
• Google his name, and the top two related searches come up as “Daniel Amen scam” and “Daniel Amen quack.”
• "Even the quack doctor, Dr. Gopalarajan, derives a real glimmer of joy from believing he has “helped, not harmed” a fellow being."
  MUST READ FICTION: ‘PRAGUE FATALE,’ ‘DERBY DAY’ AND MORE|MALCOLM FORBES, HILLARY KELLY, MYTHILI RAO|MAY 9, 2012|DAILY BEAST
• Why do intelligent people find quack remedies so appealing?
• Many of those quack doctors were busy selling their own, often more dangerous diet cures.

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Question of the Day #473

"I Have a Beef With Phony Meat"
From the headline of this article at .

上記の文で、have a beef withの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "have a beef with" mean?

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Write your answer in the Comments.

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---

解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

〈俗〉～に文句［不満・苦情］がある

Answer

According to The Free Dictionary:

To have an outstanding or unsettled dispute or disagreement with someone or something.

Examples

• Why does she have a beef with me? I'm always nice to her!
• Dad has a real beef with the phone company because they keep raising their rates.

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Question of the Day #472

"At a stroke, the president succeeded in alienating the Danish public, baffling the government in Copenhagen, and perhaps making it more difficult for the US to build up its military presence at Thule in northern Greenland."
From the 2nd paragraph of this article at European Council of Foreign Relations.

上記の文で、at a strokeの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "at a stroke" mean?

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

一撃で、一気（呵成）に、一挙に

Answer

According to The Free Dictionary:

All at once, with a single decisive or powerful action.

Examples

• When the economy crashed, thousands of people lost their jobs, their homes, and their pensions at a single stroke.
• As the two leaders ratified the treaty, 10 years of civil war ended at a stroke.
• The disease wiped out 40 million rabbits at a stroke.
• How can Britain reduce its prison population in one stroke?
• They added 230 customers to their list at a stroke.

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