Question of the Day #807

Chae Jong Hyeop And Park Ju Hyun Get Off On The Wrong Foot In New Romance Drama “Love All Play”

From the headline of this article at Gossip Chimp.

  上記の文で、get off on the wrong footの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "get off on the wrong foot" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

第一歩［出だし］を誤る、出だしで失敗する［つまずく］、悪いスタートを切る、滑り出しに失敗する

このイディオムは、どんなものにでも使用することができます。例文にあるように人間関係（特に初対面の場合）にも使うことができます。    

Answer

According to The Free Dictionary:

To have a bad start. Said of something that goes or has gone awry at the very beginning.

Examples

• Every time I come home on leave, we seem to get off on the wrong foot. We argue a lot.
• Given how the pair get off on the wrong foot, surely it's only a matter of time before they fall in love? The Sun (2014)
• Unfortunately, Pope got off on the wrong foot with his new troops.
• His career started off on the wrong foot when the company he joined had to shut down because of recession.
• I know we got off on the wrong foot when I was a half hour late to the interview, but I promise that I will always be on time once I start working here.

 

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Question of the Day #806

At the same time that sustainability advocates may be running on fumes, the scale of the threats to the planet exceeds the pace of solutions proliferating to address them, and this gap is only getting wider.

From the 3rd paragraph of this article at Green Biz.

  上記の文で、be running on fumesの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "be running on fumes" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

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解答

意味：
アメリカでは、このイディオムをかなり聞くのですが、なぜか英辞郎・Weblio等に和訳はありません。したがって、The Free Dictionaryの定義を訳します。

熱意・エネルギー・資源がほとんどまたは全くない状態で働き続けること

このイディオムのfumesとは、ガソリン等の揮発油の揮発したガスのことです。
一見限られた状況でしか使用できないと思いがちですが、かなり多くの場面で使うことができます。  

Answer

According to The Free Dictionary:

To be continuing to operate with no or very little enthusiasm, energy, or resources left.

 

Examples

• She is determined to play in today's game, even if she is running on fumes by the end of it.
• There were times in my life in growing my business and managing my family that I was running on fumes.(Forbes Magazine)
• He plays a struggling writer whose self-confidence is running on fumes.
• I've been painting the house for four hours every night after work, and I am seriously running on fumes at this point.
• This project has been running on fumes. Its better if we close it.

 

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Question of the Day #805

Pervis Payne is no longer on death row.

From the first paragraph of this article at the Scientific American.

  上記の文で、death rowの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "death row" mean?

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明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

〈米〉死刑囚監房

下記英語の定義にあるように、普通は前置詞のonを使います。   

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

a prison area housing inmates sentenced to death —usually used with on

 

Examples

• He has been on Death Row for 11 years.
• Most death row inmates avoid execution for many years by filing several appeals. 
• He spent 15 years on death row before the sentence was commuted to life. - Times, Sunday Times (2014)
• That number includes the 116 inmates already moved from death row. — Mason Bissada, Forbes, 31 Jan. 2022
• An Alabama inmate has been removed from death row under a new deal. — al, 19 Nov. 2021

 

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Question of the Day #804

Gov. Rick Perry Is a 10th-Amendment Turncoat

From the headline of this article at The Atlantic.

上記の文で、turncoatの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "turncoat" mean?

答えは、コメントに書いてください。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

裏切り者

   

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

one who switches to an opposing side or party

 

Examples

• His one-time admirers now accuse him of being a turncoat.
• He was taken to Berlin, questioned in a rather cursory fashion, apparently accepted as a genuine turncoat and employed by them. - Ross, Melville LOHENGRIN (1999)
• It is also true that one of the principle informers is a turncoat.
• Rivals questioned his credentials and reviled him as a turncoat who ratted out his comrades during a stint in a U.S. military prison. — Joby Warrick And Souad Mekhennet, Anchorage Daily News, 4 Feb. 2022
• In 1992, Gravano, who was the underboss and known for his unrelenting ferocity in any fight, went from one of the most powerful figures in the New York mafia to its most infamous turncoat. — Anna Perczak, ABC News, 27 Jan. 2022

 

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Question of the Day #803

Precarious truce in Yemen opens door for Iranian-Saudi dialogue

From the headline of this article at Israel Hayom.

  上記の文で、truceの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "truce" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

1. 停戦（協定）、休戦
2. 一時的休止［中止・中断］

前回802のcease-fireとの基本的な違いは、cease-fireは短期で一時的なものに対して、truceは終戦の前段階の停戦です。

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

1. a suspension of fighting especially of considerable duration by agreement of opposing forces: ARMISTICE, CEASE-FIRE
2. a respite especially from a disagreeable or painful state or action

Examples

• The fragile truce between the two sides is not expected to last long.
• The fighting of recent days has given way to an uneasy truce between the two sides.
• They agreed to call a truce.
• Israel-Hamas truce talks and reconciliation between rival Palestinian factions. — The Christian Science Monitor, 15 Feb. 2022
• This is the first nationwide truce since the period around peace talks in Kuwait in 2016. — Nadeen Ebrahim, CNN, 6 Apr. 2022

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Question of the Day #802

But every war must end some day, whether in a victory for one side or a split-the-difference cease-fire.

From the 2nd paragraph of this article at the West Central Tribute.

  上記の文で、cease-fireの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "cease-fire" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

休戦、停戦

なお、ハイフォンのないcease fireは、「停戦する、打ち方やめ！」という動詞句なので名詞として使用の場合はハイフォンを入れた方が好ましい。メディアのスタイル（それぞれの新聞社・ニュース雑誌等の独自のスタイル）によってはワンワードのceasefireもあります。  

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

1. a military order to cease firing
2. a suspension of active hostilities

 

Examples

• They have agreed to a ceasefire after three years of conflict.
• U.N. officials are expressing cautious optimism that the latest cease-fire is holding.
• The ceasefire has crumbled and peace talks are at a standstill. - The Guardian (2016)
• The draft resolution was also expected to spell out the requirements for a political settlement leading to a permanent ceasefire. - Times, Sunday Times (2006)
• He declared a ceasefire yesterday and he didn't stop firing at us from six this morning until 11am. - Times, Sunday Times (2011)

 

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Question of the Day #801

EXPLAINER: Why the term ‘genocide’ matters in Ukraine war

From the headline of this article at AP News.

  上記の文で、genocideの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "genocide" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

大［大量・集団］虐殺◆国民・人種・政治的集団に対する大量虐殺を意味する名詞で、第2次大戦中のナチスによるユダヤ人虐殺や、クメール・ルージュによる民族虐殺などについて使われる。

Genocideは、ただの大虐殺ではなく、特定の民族・国民・人種等を対象としているところがところが肝心です。  

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group

 

Examples

• They have alleged that acts of genocide and torture were carried out.
• World leaders have called for an investigation into whether war crimes, including genocide, were committed. — James Longman, ABC News, 6 Apr. 2022
• All three have been indicted on charges of crimes against humanity, war crimes and genocide. — New York Times, 5 Apr. 2022
• The other said, “Hundreds of children are hidden, mistreated, starved, neglected, abused—even murdered—for no reason. Forcing children into the shadows can be counted as genocide.” - Among the Hidden
• Committee for Refugees estimated that approximately two hundred thousand people, or slightly less than a fifth of the total population of the Nuba region, were killed in what it called the Nuba genocide. - Outcasts United: An American Town, a Refugee Team, and One Woman's Quest to Make a Difference

 

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Question of the Day #800

Manuel Fontaine, UNICEF’s emergency programs director who just returned from Ukraine, said having 4.8 million of Ukraine’s 7.5 million children displaced in such a short time is “quite incredible.”

From the 2nd paragraph of this article at the Huffington Post.

  上記の文で、displaceの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "displace" mean? 

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

1. 〔通常の位置から～を〕動かす、移す、ずらす
2. 〔～を〕取り換える、〔～に〕取って代わる
3. 〔人を〕立ち退かせる、〔人を〕強制退去させる
4. 〔人を〕解雇する、〔人を〕免職する
5. 《化学》〔化合物の原子を〕置換する、置き換える
6. 《物理》〔沈んだ物が液体量を〕変位させる
7. 〔船が〕～の排水量がある

問題文の場合は、三番目の訳が最も適切です。  

Answer

According to :

1.                     
                
   1. to remove from the usual or proper place
      specifically: to expel or force to flee from home or homeland
      (e.g.) displaced persons
                
   2. to remove from an office, status, or job
                
   3. obsolete: to drive out : BANISH
                
2.              
                
   1. to move physically out of position
                
   2. to take the place of (as in a chemical reaction) : SUPPLANT
                

 

Examples

• The war has displaced thousands of people.
• The hurricane displaced most of the town's residents.
• It’s not just the storyline of science fiction that they could learn to evade human control and create disasters, displace people, and cause mass unemployment.
• Destroy hospitals, collapse the social order, displace and deport the populace, render powerless the rule of law, and faith in the state is lost.
• Singapore Won’t Displace Hong Kong as a Financial Center

 

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Question of the Day #799

Positive vibes as Derby County takeover saga approaches crunch time

From the headline of this article at the Derby Telegraph.

  上記の文で、crunch timeの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "crunch time" mean? 

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

試練の時

もともとスポーツ用語ですが、今ではその他でも使うことができます。  

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

a critical moment or period (as near the end of a game) when decisive action is needed

Examples

• The team had trained well, but at crunch time they just couldn't perform.
• with only three minutes left in the game, it was definitely crunch time
• This is the crunch time for the internal market.
• The company slipped behind near the end of the project and entered crunch time to make up the loss.
• The holiday season is crunch time for the toy industry. - Houston Chronicle (2010)

 

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Question of the Day #798

These red wines run the gamut from the familiar to the surprising, yet all of them have surprises in store, even for the most passionate fans of California wines.

From the 1st paragraph of this article at Food & Wine.

  上記の文で、run the gamutの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "run the gamut" mean? 

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
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明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

全域にまたがる

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

to encompass an entire range of something

Examples

• Her emotions ran the gamut from joy to despair.
• Their projects run the gamut from mobile homes to luxury condos.
• The tech company's products run the gamut from home appliances to computer modules for spacecraft.
•  She wants to buy the house, but her requests run the gamut from expensive new carpeting to completely new landscaping.
• His hobbies run the gamut from piano repair to portrait painting.

 

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Question of the Day #797

As global costs soar, Japan's ‘shrinkflation gets harder to swallow

From the headline of this article at Nippon.com.

上記の文で、shrinkflationの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does “shrinkflation” mean?

答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
I will add the answer and other remarks here tomorrow.

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解答

意味：
Weblioによると、

シュリンクフレーション、ステルス値上げ、シュリンクフレーション（英語: shrinkflation）とは、小売りされる商品の価格は変わらないままその内容量がシュリンク（収縮）していく経済現象である。

Answer

According to the Cambridge Dictionary:

the situation when the price of a product stays the same but its size gets smaller

Examples

• Shrinkflation is a cunning way of raising prices without actually raising the price of the product you are buying.
• Shrinkflation mainly affects food, drink, and some household products.
• Makers have used the trick called shrinkflation on 2,500 grocery products in five years. - The Sun (2017)
• Others have relied on an old favourite, shrinkflation - cutting the size of a product. - Times, Sunday Times (2018)
• Shrinkflation is legal, as long as products are clearly labeled, and the business is not engaging in unfair or deceptive practices.

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Question of the Day #796

China’s Ukraine quagmire

From the headline of this article at Politico.

上記の文で、quagemireの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does “quagmire” mean?

答えは、コメントに書いてください。
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明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

1. ぬかるんだ土地、湿地、沼地、泥沼
2. 窮地、窮境、ピンチ、（抜け出せない）苦境

一応二つの訳がありますが、二つ目の訳として「泥沼状態」でもいいのではないかと思います。

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

1. soft miry land that shakes or yields under the foot
2. a difficult, precarious, or entrapping position : PREDICAMENT

Examples

• Since the coup, the country has sunk deeper into a quagmire of violence and lawlessness.
• When I tried to get my tax situation straightened out with the government, I ran into a bureaucratic quagmire.
• His people had fallen further and further into a quagmire of confusion. 
• This quagmire would cause a terrible loss of life, destruction, displacement, depopulation of urban areas, a massive humanitarian catastrophe, as well as terrible losses for Russia, without a conclusive outcome for Russia. — Peter Bergen, CNN, 15 Mar. 2022
• The Soviet Union sought to keep a similar veil of silence around its decade-long quagmire in Afghanistan in the 1980s, but the truth seeped into public consciousness anyway, eroding the foundation of the entire system. — New York Times, 20 Mar. 2022

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Question of the Day #795

School closures intensify gentrification in Black neighborhoods nationwide, Stanford study finds

From the headline of this article at the Stanford Graduate School of Education website.

上記の文で、gentrificationの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does “gentrification” mean?

答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
I will add the answer and other remarks here tomorrow.

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

高級化、中産階級化◆劣悪化している区域に中流階級あるいは裕福な階級の人口が流入していくのを伴った区域再開発・再建プロジェクトのことで、通常それまでの貧困層の住民が住む場所を失う

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

a process in which a poor area (as of a city) experiences an influx of middle-class or wealthy people who renovate and rebuild homes and businesses and which often results in an increase in property values and the displacement of earlier, usually poorer residents

語源

Online Etymology Dictionaryによると、

1973年、gentrifyの名詞形

Etymology

According to the Online Etymology Dictionary,

1973, noun of action from gentrify.

Examples

• It has steadfastly resisted gentrification. Times, Sunday Times (2010)
• They remain stubbornly impervious to the changes, resist gentrification and politeness. Times, Sunday Times (2014)
• Certain patterns emerged that highlight the interdependent relationship between restaurants and the numerous phases of urban gentrification. - THE STAGES OF GENTRIFICATION, AS TOLD BY RESTAURANT OPENINGS|VINCE DIXON|SEPTEMBER 30, 2020|EATER
• In addition to the city’s plan to extend Community Justice Campus facilities into Norwood, gentrification also threatens the erasure of its history. — Brandon Drenon, The Indianapolis Star, 15 Mar. 2022
• Gaega-Rosenthal is on the planning committee for the arch and sees it as an important part of fighting gentrification. — Los Angeles Times, 2 Mar. 2022

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