Question of the Day #1148

Self-Driving Enterprises Imminent? Hold That Thought

From the headline of this article at Forbes.

  上記の文で、hold that thoughtの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "hold that thought" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
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明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

ちょっと待ってね。◆【場面】議論などを一時中断しなければならないとき。例えば話の途中で電話がかかってきたりして。

   

Answer

According to The Free Dictionary:

An expression used to interrupt someone mid-speech and indicate that one's attention is being or about to be diverted.

 

Examples

1. Sorry, Janet, hold that thought—I'm getting a call on the other line.
2. “Hold that thought!” I said, and went off to the kitchen to fetch them.
3. “Hold that thought, let’s just finish with this before we move on.”
4. "...and then..." / "John, hold that thought. I need to take this call."
5. And in fact, The Ravickians does announce itself as a translation from the first page, asking the reader to hold that thought while reading…

   

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Question of the Day #1147

Is it really OK to dress down at work?

From the headline of this article at the Financial Times.

  上記の文で、dress downの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "dress down" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
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明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

1. 叱りつける
2. カジュアルな［略式の・ラフな］服装［格好］をする、普段着を着る

問題の見出しの場合の意味は、2番です。
なお、この用法は主にTPOに見合わない格好をする時に使用します。
反意語は、dress upです。

 

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

1. transitive verb
   to reprove severely
2. intransitive verb
   to dress casually especially for reasons of fashion

 

Examples

1. Politicians are still going to want to dress down to seem more relatable to voters. — Rebecca Jennings, Vox, 18 June 2024
2. The Aloha shirt happened at the beginning of so many changes in the American workplace that led us to today when so many happily dress down and work from home. — Ed Martin, Baltimore Sun, 21 Feb. 2024
3. The lightweight turtleneck has a cozy, relaxed fit that’s easy to dress up or dress down. — Jen Ator, Travel + Leisure, 2 July 2023
4. We get into the habit of dressing up to go out and dressing down to stay in. The Guardian (2016)
5. After all, dressing down successfully takes as much skill as dressing up. Times, Sunday Times (2008)

   

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Question of the Day #1146

B-girl Raygun of Team Australia competes during the b-girls’ round robin at the Olympic Games Paris 2024.

From the caption of the first photo of this article at Vox.

  上記の文で、B-girlの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "B-girl" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎には、この単語は掲載されていなくて、Weblioによると、

バーのホステス

確かに、この訳は間違っていませんが、問題文の場合は違います。（もっとも、多くのオンライン英英辞典でもまだこの古い定義しかありません。）
下記英語の定義を訳すと、


ヒップホップ文化の生き方やスタイルを好む女性
しばしば、ブレーキダンスをする女性。

になります。
なお、英語の二つ目の定義が上記Weblioの定義と同じです。  

Answer

According to :

1. a girl or woman who adopts the pursuits or styles of hip-hop culture
   often: a girl or woman who is a breakdancer
2. a woman who entertains bar patrons and encourages them to spend freely

 

Examples

1. Gunn – also known as B-girl Raygun, or simply Raygun – is a 36-year-old university lecturer from Sydney, Australia, who balances her day job with her breakdance career, competing at events around the globe. —George Ramsay, CNN, 12 Aug. 2024
2. Some dancers worry that this could tarnish the essence of the movement, a concern shared by many B-boys and B-girls leading up to breaking’s Olympic debut. —Celia Ford, Vox, 10 Aug. 2024
3. Ultimately, Japan’s Ami Yuasa earned the gold medal for the B-girls competition at the Paris Olympics, while Banevič scored silver and China’s Liu Qingyi received bronze. —Michaela Zee, Variety, 10 Aug. 2024
4. The B-girl Be festival is the only arts festival in the world solely dedicated to the contributions of women in hip-hop.
5. The younger b-boys and b-girls at Hip Opsession tend to ignore those spectators who do not seem to know or express the accepted codes and conventions of the scene.

   

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Question of the Day #1145

1 Stock-Split Stock to Buy Hand Over Fist in June and 1 to Avoid

From the headline of this article at Yahoo! Finance.

  上記の文で、hand over fistの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "hand over fist" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
I will add the answer and other remarks here tomorrow.

 

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

〔物事の進行が〕どんどん

上記の訳の他に、二つの直訳に近いものもありますが、その意味で使用されることはほとんどありません。
このイディオムは、もともと帆船時代のもので水夫がロープを急いで手繰り寄せるところから来ています。
また、下記例文で分かるように、お金を儲けているか損している時に使用されることがほとんどです。

 

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

quickly and in large amounts

 

Examples

1. Business was good and we were making money hand over fist.
2. So we'll make only half a billion after tax, when most other airlines in the world are losing money hand over fist. Times, Sunday Times (2014)
3. When an industry is failing at doing its one job properly and yet is still making money hand over fist, there’s a big problem – and it’s one being borne by consumers. —Jill Filipovic, CNN, 15 Nov. 2022
4. Not all are prepared to spend money hand over fist to build up a streaming platform complete with their own content, however. —Christiaan Hetzner, Fortune, 2 Sep. 2022
5. Investors should get in front of this transition, follow the lead of a CEO who is buying his company’s stock hand over fist and look for a powerful rebound in the share price in the months ahead. —Moneyshow, Forbes, 10 Jan. 2023

   

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Question of the Day #1144

Death Valley Hiker Dying Of Heat Exhaustion Crashes Car After Hike On 119-Degree Day

From the headline of this article at Jalopnik.

  上記の文で、heat exhaustionの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "heat exhaustion" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

《病理》熱性疲労

Heat exhaustionは、hyperthermia（《医》異常高熱）の一種です。Hyperthermiaの反意語はhypothermia（《病理》低体温（症））。

 

Answer

According to the Mayo Clinic:

Heat exhaustion is a condition that happens when your body overheats. Symptoms may include heavy sweating and a rapid pulse. Heat exhaustion is one of three heat-related illnesses, with heat cramps being the mildest and heatstroke being the most serious.
Causes of heat illness include exposure to high temperatures, particularly when there is also high humidity, and strenuous physical activity. Without prompt treatment, heat exhaustion can lead to heatstroke, a life-threatening condition. Fortunately, heat exhaustion is preventable.

 

Examples

1. Symptoms of heat exhaustion may start suddenly or progress over time, especially with prolonged periods of exercise.
2. If you're with someone who has heat exhaustion, seek immediate medical help if they become confused or distressed, lose consciousness, or are unable to drink.
3. Heat exhaustion is an illness that can happen when your body gets too hot and can't cool itself.
4. Learn how to stay safe during a heat wave and how to treat heat-related illness like heat exhaustion.
5. What are the heat exhaustion and heatstroke symptoms?

   

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Question of the Day #1143

WHO declares mpox global health emergency

From the headline of this article at the BBC.

  上記の文で、mpoxの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "mpox" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
I will add the answer and other remarks here tomorrow.

 

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

《病理》エムポックス◆ポックスウイルス科オルソポックスウイルス属のエムポックス（サル痘）ウイルスによる感染症。アフリカに生息するリス、ウサギ、サルなどのウイルス保有動物との接触によってヒトに感染する。実験動物のサルから初めて発見されたことから「サル痘」と名付けられたが、2022年11月に世界保健機関(WHO)は、ネガティブなイメージによる偏見を避けるため、monkeypoxからmpoxに変更することを推奨した。これに伴い、日本の厚生労働省は2023年2月17日、「サル痘」の新名称を「エムポックス」にする方針を決めた。

   

Answer

According to the World Health Organization (WHO):

Mpox (monkeypox) is an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus. It can cause a painful rash, enlarged lymph nodes and fever. Most people fully recover, but some get very sick.

  The reason for the name change from monkeypox is described by NPR  

Monkeypox disease now has a new name: mpox. The World Health Organization announced the long-awaited change on Monday, saying the disease's original name plays into "racist and stigmatizing language."

 

Examples

1. The World Health Organization on Wednesday declared the ongoing mpox outbreak in Africa a global health emergency, the highest level of alarm under international health law.
2. “It was unanimous that the current outbreak of mpox, upsurge of mpox, is an extraordinary event,” said Dimie Ogoina, chair of WHO’s emergency committee. 
3. “What we have in Africa is the tip of the iceberg. … We are not recognizing, or we don’t have the full picture of, this burden of mpox.”
4. Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a viral disease related to the now-eradicated smallpox virus.
5. Jean Claude Udahemuka, from the University of Rwanda, said last month that Clade 1b is "undoubtedly the most dangerous so far of all the known strains of mpox".

   

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Question of the Day #1142

What Is Doomscrolling, and How Do You Stop?

From the 1st paragraph of this article at Health.com.

  上記の文で、doomscrollingの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "doomscrolling" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
I will add the answer and other remarks here tomorrow.

 

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

【名】
ドゥーム・スクロール◆インターネットで悪い［悲観的な］ニュースや情報ばかりを検索する［読み続ける］こと。◆【対】joyscroll ; joyscrolling

   

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

to spend excessive time online scrolling...through news or other content that makes one feel sad, anxious, angry, etc.

 

Examples

1. Twitter encourages taking a pause by asking users if they want to read an article before hitting the retweet button. But it can be a difficult thing to do, considering how quick social media interactions can be—during a five-minute break from work or a late-night doomscroll. —Adithi Ramakrishnan
2. … stop doomscrolling. You don't need to know every detail of every tragedy. And you certainly don't need to see what all those strangers on the internet think about it. —Ryan J. Rusak
3. For the past two months I've spent big chunks of my day doomscrolling through bad news and preprint studies about mask effectiveness and virus transmission. —Charlie Warzel
4. Experts warn that doomscrolling can be harmful to your mental health.
5. Doomscrolling for two hours every night won't stop the apocalypse.

   

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Question of the Day #1141

If you get hit by a truck, you can claim compensation. But if you are injured and mentally scarred in a plane crash, tough cookies.

From the lede of this article at Crikey.

  上記の文で、tough cookiesの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "tough cookies" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
I will add the answer and other remarks here tomorrow.

 

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解答

意味：
このイディオムは、Question of the Day #1139と同じようで確かにそのイディオムの複数形の場合があります。ただ、その他に下記の全然違う意味もあります。 The Free Dictionaryによると、

間投詞として相手の状況や考えに同情できない時をあらわします。

  また、Wiktionaryによると、

（話している相手に対して）残念・望んでいる結果になりそうもない

の意味もあります。
「残念だね。でも、私には関係ない。」のニュアンスです。

Answer

According to The Free Dictionary:

An interjection indicating that one has no sympathy for the situation another person is in or how that person feels about it.

  Also, according to Wiktionary it can mean

(idiomatic, informal) Too bad (for one); the outcome that one desires is not likely to change.

 

Examples

1. Sam: "When you said I'd be getting a car for my birthday, I didn't think it would be some beat-up old van like this!" Dad: "Well, tough cookies! You should be thankful to have a car at all!"
2. A: "Ugh, I feel so horrible this morning." B: "Tough cookies. If you want to drink yourself silly, then that's the price you pay."
3. If you say “tough cookies” to someone who’s endured some bad luck, perhaps, or suffered some sort of setback, you’re showing no compassion for that person or for the situation.
4. The English language is constantly evolving. Oxford Dictionaries famously updates its book four times a year, and once a word is added to the dictionary, it can never be removed. That means it's a hard world out there for a new word. Unless linguistic experts can verify that a term has genuinely entered the language, it's tough cookies.

   

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Question of the Day #1140

“It’s nothing firm. But they said, ‘Hey can you stay frosty on this?’ — like a Navy Seals thing — ‘because we’d love to talk to you about it,’” Tesh said.

From the last paragraph of this article at the New York Post.

  上記の文で、stay frostyの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "stay frosty" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
I will add the answer and other remarks here tomorrow.

 

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

1. 〈俗〉〔動乱などの中で〕冷静さを保つ、動じないでいる◆主に命令文で。
2. 〈俗〉元気である◆命令文で「じゃあ（元気で）ね」という別れの挨拶として用いる。◆【類】Stay cool.

   

Answer

According to Wiktionary:

1. (military, slang) To be alert and ready for action, without letting one's fear or other emotions get in the way.
2. (slang) To keep one's cool.

 

語源

Wiktionaryによると、

もともと軍人が使用したスラング。おそらくkeeping one's cool（冷静でいるように）の意味で使用されていたが、危険な状況で特に注意しなければならないことを強調した。

 

Etymology

According to Wiktionary:

Originally military slang, probably as a reference to keeping one's cool, but with extra emphasis because of the need to stay alert in dangerous situations.

   

Examples

1. 1986, 'Corporal Hicks', Aliens (movie): We're all in strung out shape, but stay frosty, and alert.
2. 2007, Sean Michael Flynn, The Fighting 69th: From Ground Zero to Baghdad: He and a small group of other loyalists stayed frosty and refused to let the unit die.
3. 2009, Gregory H. Wahl, Charles A. Bobbitt, It Didn't Play in Peoria: In other words, be aware—stay frosty.
4. “Alright, I’m heading out. Stay Frosty guys.”
5. “Stay frosty team. I used to eat punks like this for breakfast.”

   

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Question of the Day #1139

She’s a tough cookie – Jodie Burrage backed to bounce back from nightmare debut

From the headline of this article at the Independent.

  上記の文で、tough cookieの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "tough cookie" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
I will add the answer and other remarks here tomorrow.

 

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

〈主に米俗〉〔肉体的にも精神的にも強い〕タフな［不屈の・手ごわい・したたかな・意志の強い］人

   

Answer

According to Merriam-Webster:

a person who is physically and emotionally strong

 

語源

英辞郎によると、

【語源】かみ砕けないほど硬くなったクッキーのイメージから

 

Etymology

According to Idiomic.com:

The first appearance of the now standard ‘tough cookie‘ is just after the end of World War II, but how the ‘tough’ became welded to the baked good is unknown. Also unclear is how the term then came to describe both sexes when it had previously been only applied to women.

   

Examples

1. Chet Hanks, on the other hand, was a tough cookie. —Marlow Stern, Rolling Stone, 14 Mar. 2023
2. He said his wife is a tough cookie, a breast cancer survivor who battled the disease for nearly ten years.
3. And let me tell you something, he's one tough cookie—so be prepared.
4. You have to be a pretty tough cookie to have qualified as a lawyer while raising a family.
5. In a male-dominated field, sometimes I don't get taken seriously. But I'm a tough cookie and the guys quickly learn not to judge me on the way I look.

   

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Question of the Day #1138

US spy agency, the National Reconnaissance Office, has been celebrating the “Antipodean Adventure”, which features a crocodile, a rocket and an eagle on its logo.

From the 4th paragraph of this article at The Guardian.

  上記の文で、antipodeanの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "antipodean" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
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明日、ここに答えを書きます。
I will add the answer and other remarks here tomorrow.

 

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

【形】
対蹠地の
【名】
対蹠地に住む人

となっていますが、この「対蹠地」はイギリスからの場合です。すなわち、オーストラリアとニュージーランドを指しますので下記英語の定義になります。
また、この単語の発音はちょっと難しいので、下記英語のリンク先で確認してください。（音声もあります。）

 

Answer

According to the Cambridge Dictionary:

Adjective
coming from or relating to Australia or New Zealand
noun
A person from Australia or New Zealand

 

Examples

1. The director has been compared to acclaimed Antipodean auteurs Jane Campion and Gillian Armstrong.
2. They commemorate Anzac Day, the day Antipodean soldiers fell en masse at Gallipoli in World War I.
3. This New Zealand winery produces some of the best antipodean wines.
4. Perkins's earlier fiction (stories of antipodean youth and material culture) was both celebratory and satirical, scathing but full of bounce. Times, Sunday Times (2008)
5. One can only assume that an inch-long European cockroach is of little concern to a woman accustomed to antipodean spiders the size of dinner plates.

   

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Question of the Day #1137

COMMENTARY: ‘This is our home, come hell or high water’

From the headline of this article at the Salt Wire.

  上記の文で、come hell or high waterの意味は？
In the sentence above, what does "come hell or high water" mean?

  答えは、コメントに書いてください。
Write your answer in the Comments.

明日、ここに答えを書きます。
I will add the answer and other remarks here tomorrow.

 

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解答

意味：
英辞郎によると、

たとえ火の中水の中、どんな困難［試練］にも負けずに、何事があろうとも、何が何でも

私はあまり聞いたことがありませんが、by hell or high waterということもあります。

 

Answer

According to :

used to say that something will definitely happen or be done even though other events or situations might make it difficult

I haven't heard it much but, apparently, you can also say "by hell or high water."

 

Examples

1. I will be there on time, come hell or high water.
2. Come hell or high water, we will have this project finished on time!
3. By hell or high water, I am going to make it to your wedding!
4. Investors want to know if the team, come hell or high water, will persevere. —Drew Silverstein, Rolling Stone, 12 Jan. 2024
5. So come hell or high water, most Democrats and Republicans — including independents who lean toward those parties — are going to stick with their preferred party. —Geoffrey Skelley, ABC News, 31 Oct. 2023

   

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